Gender refers to the behavioral and cultural roles that are associated with each sex.
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A person's gender expression, gender performance, and gender identity are all factored into this. Rather than being definitively rooted in biology like sex, gender is a more abstract sociological concept. Generally, someone’s gender describes whether they identify with traditional masculine or feminine norms, or perhaps neither.
Gender Identity describes a person’s perception of their own gender.
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A person can identify as any gender they feel fits them, regardless of how they seem to express themselves or perform gender. We respect people's gender identity without gatekeeping that identity behind mannerisms and behaviors, because we trust that the individual understands themselves best.
If you identify exclusively as the same gender you were assigned at birth, then you are Cisgender. If your gender identity is anything other than what you were assigned at birth, then you are Transgender.
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Man: Someone who predominantly identifies with masculine gender roles.
Woman: Someone who predominantly identifies with feminine gender roles.
Nonbinary: An umbrella term which includes any gender outside of the traditional binary of man/woman.
Synonyms: Genderqueer
Agender: Someone who doesn’t identify with masculine or feminine gender roles.
Synonyms: Gender Neutral, Androgyne
Bigender: A person who has many characteristics of both masculine and feminine gender roles at the same time.
Genderfluid: A person whose gender fluctuates over time with their mood and hormones. Some days, the person may feel very feminine, and other days, they may feel masculine, or genderless. However, not all genderfluid people exclusively change between male and female: different people fluctuate between different genders.
Gender Questioning: A label for individuals who haven’t quite found where they identify in terms of gender.
Demiboy: A person who identifies partially, but not entirely, as a man.
Synonyms: Demiguy
Demigirl: A person who identifies partially, but not entirely, as a woman.
Synonyms: Demiwoman
Two-Spirit: A gender identity found in traditional Native American culture. Two-Spirit people are said to have both a masculine and feminine spirit, balanced in a somewhat androgynous way.
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This list is not exhaustive, but rather a collection of the most common gender identities. If someone identifies as a gender that you haven’t heard of, treat them with the same kindness and respect you would anyone else.
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Merriam-Webster.com. "Gender." https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gender (Retrieved 11 Dec.2017).
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Human Rights Campaign. "Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Definitions." https://www.hrc.org/resources/sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity-terminology-and-definitions (Retrieved 11 Dec.2017).
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Trans Student Educational Resources. "LGBTQ+ Definitions." http://www.transstudent.org/definitions (Retrieved 11 Dec.2017).
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Wilson, Alex. "How we Find Ourselves: Identity Development and Two-Spirit People." Harvard Educational Review 66.2 (1996): 303
Additional Sources:
- Debby Hernbick,PHD. & Aleta Baldwin, "What Each of Facebook's 51 New Gender Options Means." https://www.thedailybeast.com/what-each-of-facebooks-51-new-gender-options-means (Retrieved 11 Dec. 2017)
- The LGBTQ+ Community, "Gender Wikia." http://gender.wikia.com/wiki/Gender_Wiki (Retrieved 11 Dec. 2017)